Cramer, Swetz & McManus, P.C.


Criminal Law

Stipulations of Expected Testimony, Trial Procedure, and Rules of Evidence in a Criminal Trial
The parties in a criminal trial may stipulate or agree to the expected testimony of a witness that will not be able to attend or testify at trial. The parties may also stipulate to the contents of a document that will not be produced at trial. When the parties stipulate to expected witness testimony or to the contents of a document they are not stipulating to the admissibility or factual accuracy of the testimony or document. More...
Judicial Notice
Judicial notice is the knowledge or recognition that a fact is true without evidence to support its truth. An example of a fact that a court may take judicial notice of is that the sky is blue. Most people know and understand that the sky is blue and no proof is needed to establish that the sky is blue. More...
WARRANTLESS SEARCH - SEARCH IN AN INVESTIGATIVE STOP
If a police officer has a reasonable basis for believing that a person is involved in criminal activity or is about to be involved in criminal activity, the officer has a right to make an investigative stop of that person. More...
Surveillance Changes under the PATRIOT Act
The PATRIOT Act provides federal and international agencies with the ability to track and intercept oral, written, and electronic communications. More...
Criminal Violations of the Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977
The Federal Mine Safety and Health Act of 1977 (MSHA) provides for enforcement of by way of civil penalties, criminal penalties, or administrative enforcement methods. MSHA was enacted to protect mining workers. When a violation of the MSHA is claimed, an investigation is conducted regarding the allegations of the violation. If a criminal division determines that a case referred to it warrants prosecution, the case will be referred to the office of the United States Attorney. More...

Areas Of Practice

  • Automobile Accidents
  • Business
  • Corporate and Commercial Law
  • Dog Bites
  • Drug Crimes
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